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We derive a pulse-area theorem for a single-loop cyclic three-level system without applying the rotating-wave approximation while explicitly taking into account the time delays of control fields. The relative merits of these strategies in terms of efficiency and robustness are discussed within the experimental feasibility criteria of present laser technology. For this last step, different optimized pulse sequences through optimal control techniques, have been studied. Subsequently, the molecules are transferred to their ro-vibrational ground state using IR pulses. The chemical bond is first created by the application of a THz chirped pulse or $\pi$-pulse. The second class of strategies involves only the electronic ground state and uses infrared (IR)/TeraHertz (THz) pulses. Both transfer dynamics are modeled and compared. Two extensions of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) for multi-level transitions are used : alternating STIRAP (A-STIRAP) and straddle STIRAP (S-STIRAP). The first class involves two electronic states. After discussing the advantages of the Mott insulator phase for the control with pulses, we present two classes of strategies. We have studied the formation of ultracold RbSr molecules with laser pulses. The relative merits of these strategies in terms of efficiency and robustness are discussed with respect to the experimental feasibility based on present laser technologies. For this last step, different optimized pulse sequences that were obtained through optimal control techniques have been studied. Subsequently, the molecules are transferred to their rovibrational ground level using IR pulses.
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The molecular bond is first created by the application of a THz chirped pulse or The second class of strategies involves only the electronic ground state and uses infrared (IR) and terahertz (THz) pulses. Two extensions of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) for multilevel transitions are used: alternating STIRAP (A-STIRAP) and straddle STIRAP (S-STIRAP).
![Validity of magnus formula](https://kumkoniak.com/78.jpg)